![]() Lara B, Salinero JJ, Gutiérrez J et al (2016) Influence of endurance running on calcaneal bone stiffness in male and female runners. Heaney RP, Abrams S, Dawson-Hughes B et al (2000) Peak bone mass. Mitchell UH, Bailey B, Owen PJ (2020) Examining bone, muscle and fat in middle-aged long-term endurance runners: a cross-sectional study. Karlsson MK, Rosengren BE (2012) Training and bone - from health to injury. īody JJ, Bergmann P, Boonen S et al (2011) Non-pharmacological management of osteoporosis: a consensus of the Belgian Bone Club. Nowak A, Straburzyńska-Lupa A, Kusy K et al (2010) Bone mineral density and bone turnover in male masters athletes aged 4064. ![]() Sport Med 42:301–325Īdami S, Giannini S, Giorgino R et al (2003) The effect of age, weight, and lifestyle factors on calcaneal quantitative ultrasound: the ESOPO study. Gómez-Cabello A, Ara I, González-Agüero A et al (2012) Effects of training on bone mass in older adults: a systematic review. Zioupos P, Currey JD (1998) Changes in the stiffness, strength, and toughness of human cortical bone with age. Weaver CM, Gordon CM, Janz KF et al (2016) The National Osteoporosis Foundation’s position statement on peak bone mass development and lifestyle factors: a systematic review and implementation recommendations. Seeman E, Delmas PD (2006) Bone quality - the material and structural basis of bone strength and fragility. N Engl J Med 354:2250–2261 A two-way ANCOVA (condition × age) with body mass, and body mass index as covariates, revealed that there were main effects of condition ( F = 26.8, P 50 years (111.2 ± 17.9 vs 92.4 ± 16.0 A.U., P 40 years had higher values of calcaneus stiffness than controls, providing evidence to support the potential effect of endurance running to reduce the age-related decline on calcaneus bone stiffness. The line of best fit for the association between age and calcaneus stiffness was different between marathoners and controls ( Z = − 2.1, P = 0.02). Calcaneal bone stiffness was calculated from assessments of the broadband ultrasound attenuation and the speed of sound. In a descriptive cross-sectional study, 182 endurance-trained male runners and 116 healthy untrained male controls underwent an ultrasonographic assessment of the calcaneus bone in the right and left heels. The purpose of this study was to compare calcaneus bone stiffness of endurance runners of different ages to age-matched controls. However, it is unknown if endurance running might counteract the decline in bone stiffness that occurs with age. ![]() Previous investigations have found that endurance runners have higher bone mineral density and other bone quality variables in mechanically loaded bones. We found that there was an age-associated decline in calcaneus bone stiffness in the control group while endurance runners prevented this decline, with a higher effect as the participants increased their age. This investigation presents a comparison of calcaneus bone stiffness of endurance runners of different ages and age-matched controls.
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